Interview practice

DevOps Engineer

2–5 years · Mid — Linux · CI/CD · Docker · Kubernetes · Terraform · Monitoring

0–2 years 2–5 years 5–8 years 8+ years
technical Terraform 1 of 6
You run a Terraform apply and it fails with an error about resource conflicts. How do you resolve this?
What a strong answer covers

Reviews the error message for specific resource details; checks the current state of the infrastructure against the desired state; considers running terraform refresh to update the state; examines any manual changes made to the infrastructure; plans the changes with terraform plan to ensure no further conflicts.

The follow-up you would get

What strategies can you implement to prevent state file conflicts in the future?

Could you have answered that?
technical Kubernetes 2 of 6
A pod in a production cluster is in a CrashLoopBackOff state. How do you troubleshoot this issue?
What a strong answer covers

Checks the pod's logs to identify the error message; inspects the pod's events for clues; verifies resource limits and requests; checks for configuration errors in environment variables or secrets; considers the readiness and liveness probes.

The follow-up you would get

The logs show a missing configuration file. How can you ensure that configuration files are consistently available to your pods?

Could you have answered that?
scenario Infrastructure 3 of 6
A scheduled maintenance task on a Kubernetes cluster is taking longer than expected, impacting user experience. What do you do?
What a strong answer covers

Communicates with stakeholders about the delay; assesses the impact on users and critical services; checks logs for the maintenance process; considers scaling down non-critical services; plans for a rollback if necessary.

The follow-up you would get

How would you improve the maintenance process to avoid such overruns in the future?

Could you have answered that?
technical Linux 4 of 6
A server running a critical service is experiencing high CPU usage. What steps do you take to diagnose the cause?
What a strong answer covers

Uses top or htop to identify the processes consuming the most CPU; checks the service's logs for errors or unexpected behaviour; reviews recent changes or deployments that may have affected performance; examines system metrics for memory or I/O bottlenecks; considers using strace to trace system calls.

The follow-up you would get

The service is revealed to have inefficient queries. How can you address this issue?

Could you have answered that?
technical Docker 5 of 6
A Docker container fails to start with an exit code 1. What do you do to troubleshoot the container?
What a strong answer covers

Checks the container logs for error messages; inspects the Dockerfile for potential build issues; verifies the container's entry point and command; ensures all required environment variables and volumes are correctly set; tests the container locally to reproduce the issue.

The follow-up you would get

The logs indicate a permissions error on a mounted volume. How do you resolve this?

Could you have answered that?
ownership Rollback experience 6 of 6
Can you describe a situation where you had to perform a rollback? What led to that decision?
What a strong answer covers

Details the context of the deployment and the criteria for success; describes the issue that triggered the rollback, including any metrics or alerts; outlines the rollback procedure followed, including communication with the team; identifies lessons learned and changes made to prevent recurrence; reflects on stakeholder reactions and expectations.

The follow-up you would get

What alternative strategies did you consider?

Could you have answered that?
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